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Vidura Neethi – Udyoga Parvam Chapter 40

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Vidura Neethi - Udyoga Parvam Chapter 40 ॥ iti śrīmāhābhāratē udyōgaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi viduravākyē chatvāriṃśō'dhyāyaḥ ॥ हिंदी अर्थ:इस प्रकार श्रीमहाभारत के उद्योगपर्व के प्रजागरपर्व में विदुर-वाक्य का चालीसवाँ अध्याय आरंभ होता है। English Meaning:Thus begins the fortieth chapter of Vidura’s teachings in the Prajagara Parva of the Udyoga Parva of the Śrī Mahābhārata. vidura uvācha ।yō'bhyarthitaḥ sadbhirasajjamānaḥkarōtyarthaṃ śaktimahāpayitvā ।kṣipraṃ yaśastaṃ samupaiti...
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Vidura Neethi – Udyoga Parvam Chapter 40

॥ iti śrīmāhābhāratē udyōgaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi viduravākyē chatvāriṃśō’dhyāyaḥ ॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
इस प्रकार श्रीमहाभारत के उद्योगपर्व के प्रजागरपर्व में विदुर-वाक्य का चालीसवाँ अध्याय आरंभ होता है।

English Meaning:
Thus begins the fortieth chapter of Vidura’s teachings in the Prajagara Parva of the Udyoga Parva of the Śrī Mahābhārata.

vidura uvācha ।
yō’bhyarthitaḥ sadbhirasajjamānaḥ
karōtyarthaṃ śaktimahāpayitvā ।
kṣipraṃ yaśastaṃ samupaiti santamalaṃ
prasannā hi sukhāya santaḥ ॥ 1॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
विदुर ने कहा—जो व्यक्ति सज्जनों द्वारा किसी कार्य के लिए आग्रह किए जाने पर बिना आलस्य या संकोच के अपनी पूरी शक्ति लगाकर उस कार्य को पूरा करता है, वह शीघ्र ही निर्मल यश प्राप्त करता है। सज्जन पुरुष प्रसन्न होकर दूसरों के सुख और कल्याण का कारण बनते हैं।

English Meaning:
Vidura said: One who, when requested by the virtuous, undertakes a worthy task without hesitation and applies all his strength to accomplish it quickly gains pure and lasting fame. The virtuous, when pleased, become a source of happiness and well-being for others.

mahāntamapyarthamadharmayuktaṃ
yaḥ santyajatyanupākruṣṭa ēva ।
sukhaṃ sa duḥkhānyavamuchya śētē
jīrṇāṃ tvachaṃ sarpa ivāvamuchya ॥ 2॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
जो व्यक्ति किसी बड़े लाभ को भी अधर्म से जुड़ा हुआ देखकर, किसी के तिरस्कार या दबाव की प्रतीक्षा किए बिना स्वयं त्याग देता है, वह दुःखों से मुक्त होकर सुखपूर्वक रहता है, जैसे साँप अपनी पुरानी केंचुली छोड़कर हल्का हो जाता है।

English Meaning:
One who voluntarily abandons even a great gain when it is connected with unrighteousness lives happily, freed from sorrow, just as a serpent casts off its worn-out skin.

anṛtaṃ cha samutkarṣē rājagāmi cha paiśunam ।
gurōśchālīka nirbandhaḥ samāni brahmahatyayā ॥ 3॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
किसी को ऊँचा उठाने या अपना लाभ कराने के लिए असत्य बोलना, राजा के पास जाकर चुगली करना और गुरु के विषय में झूठ बोलने पर अड़े रहना—ये सब ब्रह्महत्या के समान गंभीर दोष बताए गए हैं।

English Meaning:
Falsehood spoken for personal advancement, carrying tales to the king, and persistently speaking falsely about one’s teacher are regarded as grave offenses, comparable to the sin of killing a Brahmana.

asūyaika padaṃ mṛtyurativādaḥ śriyō vadhaḥ ।
aśuśrūṣā tvarā ślāghā vidyāyāḥ śatravastrayaḥ ॥ 4॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
ईर्ष्या मृत्यु के समान है और अत्यधिक कटु या अनुचित वाणी समृद्धि का नाश करती है। सेवा न करना, उतावलापन और अपनी विद्या या गुणों की स्वयं प्रशंसा करना—ये विद्या के तीन शत्रु हैं।

English Meaning:
Envy is like death, and excessive or offensive speech destroys prosperity. Lack of service, haste, and self-praise are the three enemies of learning.

sukhārthinaḥ kutō vidyā nāsti vidyārthinaḥ sukham ।
sukhārthī vā tyajēdvidyāṃ vidyārthī vā sukhaṃ tyajēt ॥ 5॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
जो व्यक्ति सुख-सुविधाओं में ही लगा रहना चाहता है, उसे विद्या कैसे प्राप्त होगी? और जो सच्ची विद्या चाहता है, उसे तत्काल सुख नहीं मिल सकता। इसलिए सुख चाहने वाला विद्या का त्याग करे या विद्या चाहने वाला सुख का त्याग करे।

English Meaning:
How can one seeking comfort attain knowledge? And one who truly seeks knowledge cannot expect immediate comfort. Therefore, one who desires comfort must give up the pursuit of learning, while one who desires learning must be prepared to give up comfort.

nāgnistṛpyati kāṣṭhānāṃ nāpagānāṃ mahōdadhiḥ ।
nāntakaḥ sarvabhūtānāṃ na puṃsāṃ vāmalōchanā ॥ 6॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
अग्नि लकड़ियों से कभी तृप्त नहीं होती, समुद्र नदियों के जल से कभी भरता नहीं, मृत्यु सभी प्राणियों से कभी तृप्त नहीं होती और मनुष्य सुंदर नेत्रों वाली स्त्रियों से कभी पूरी तरह तृप्त नहीं होता। अतृप्ति की प्रवृत्ति निरंतर बढ़ती रहती है।

English Meaning:
Fire is never satisfied with wood, the ocean is never filled by rivers, death is never satisfied with living beings, and a man is never completely satisfied by beautiful-eyed women. Desire, when indulged, continues to grow.

āśā dhṛtiṃ hanti samṛddhimantakaḥ
krōdhaḥ śriyaṃ hanti yaśaḥ kadaryatā ।
apālanaṃ hanti paśūṃścha rājann
ēkaḥ kruddhō brāhmaṇō hanti rāṣṭram ॥ 7॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
आशा या अत्यधिक अपेक्षा धैर्य को नष्ट करती है, मृत्यु समृद्धि को नष्ट करती है, क्रोध लक्ष्मी और संपत्ति को नष्ट करता है तथा कृपणता यश को नष्ट करती है। पशुओं की उचित देखभाल न करने से वे नष्ट होते हैं, और एक क्रोधित ब्राह्मण भी पूरे राज्य के विनाश का कारण बन सकता है।

English Meaning:
Excessive expectation destroys patience; death destroys prosperity; anger destroys wealth and fortune; and miserliness destroys reputation. Neglecting one’s animals causes their loss, and even one enraged Brahmana may bring ruin upon a kingdom.

ajaścha kāṃsyaṃ cha rathaścha nityaṃ
madhvākarṣaḥ śakuniḥ śrōtriyaś cha ।
vṛddhō jñātiravasannō vayasya
ētāni tē santu gṛhē sadaiva ॥ 8॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
हे राजन्! आपके घर में बकरा, काँस्य पात्र, रथ, मधु, शकुनि पक्षी, वेदज्ञ विद्वान, वृद्ध संबंधी और वृद्ध मित्र सदैव उपस्थित रहें। इन्हें शुभ और कल्याणकारी माना गया है।

English Meaning:
O king, may a goat, bronze vessels, a chariot, honey, a sacred bird, a learned Vedic scholar, an aged relative, and an elderly friend always be present in your household. These are regarded as auspicious and beneficial.

ajōkṣā chandanaṃ vīṇā ādarśō madhusarpiṣī ।
viṣamaudumbaraṃ śaṅkhaḥ svarṇaṃ nābhiścha rōchanā ॥ 9॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
बकरा, बैल, चंदन, वीणा, दर्पण, मधु और घी, औदुम्बर की वस्तु, शंख, सोना, नाभि तथा रोचना आदि शुभ वस्तुएँ मानी गई हैं।

English Meaning:
A goat, bull, sandalwood, the vina, a mirror, honey and ghee, an audumbara object, a conch, gold, nabhi, and rochana are regarded as auspicious objects.

gṛhē sthāpayitavyāni dhanyāni manurabravīt ।
dēva brāhmaṇa pūjārthamatithīnāṃ cha bhārata ॥ 10॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
हे भरतवंशी! मनु ने कहा है कि देवताओं, ब्राह्मणों और अतिथियों की पूजा तथा सत्कार के लिए इन शुभ वस्तुओं को घर में रखना चाहिए।

English Meaning:
O Bharata, Manu has declared that these auspicious objects should be kept in the home for the worship of the gods, the honoring of Brahmanas, and the reception of guests.

idaṃ cha tvāṃ sarvaparaṃ bravīmi
puṇyaṃ padaṃ tāta mahāviśiṣṭam ।
na jātu kāmānna bhayānna lōbhād
dharmaṃ tyajējjīvitasyāpi hētōḥ ॥ 11॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
हे तात! मैं आपको सबसे श्रेष्ठ और अत्यंत पवित्र उपदेश देता हूँ—मनुष्य को कभी भी कामना, भय या लोभ के कारण धर्म का त्याग नहीं करना चाहिए, यहाँ तक कि अपने जीवन की रक्षा के लिए भी नहीं।

English Meaning:
O dear king, I shall tell you the highest and most sacred principle: one should never abandon righteousness because of desire, fear, or greed—not even for the sake of preserving one’s life.

nityō dharmaḥ sukhaduḥkhē tvanityē
nityō jīvō dhāturasya tvanityaḥ ।
tyaktvānityaṃ pratitiṣṭhasva nityē
santuṣya tvaṃ tōṣa parō hi lābhaḥ ॥ 12॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
धर्म शाश्वत है, जबकि सुख और दुःख अनित्य हैं। जीवात्मा नित्य है, जबकि शरीर और उसके भौतिक आधार अनित्य हैं। इसलिए अनित्य वस्तुओं का मोह छोड़कर नित्य सत्य में स्थित रहो। संतोष धारण करो, क्योंकि संतोष से बढ़कर कोई लाभ नहीं है।

English Meaning:
Dharma is eternal, whereas pleasure and sorrow are transient. The living self is eternal, while the body and its material foundations are impermanent. Therefore, abandon attachment to the transient and establish yourself in the eternal. Be content, for there is no greater gain than contentment.

mahābalānpaśya manānubhāvān
praśāsya bhūmiṃ dhanadhānya pūrṇām ।
rājyāni hitvā vipulāṃścha bhōgān
gatānnarēndrānvaśamantakasya ॥ 13॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
उन महान शक्तिशाली और प्रभावशाली राजाओं को देखो जिन्होंने धन-धान्य से पूर्ण पृथ्वी पर शासन किया और अनेक प्रकार के विशाल भोगों का आनंद लिया, फिर भी अंततः राज्य और भोगों को छोड़कर मृत्यु के अधीन हो गए।

English Meaning:
Consider the mighty and illustrious kings who ruled a land filled with wealth and grain and enjoyed abundant pleasures, yet ultimately had to abandon their kingdoms and pleasures and submit to the power of death.

mṛtaṃ putraṃ duḥkhapuṣṭaṃ manuṣyā
utkṣipya rājansvagṛhānnirharanti ।
taṃ muktakēśāḥ karuṇaṃ rudantaś
chitāmadhyē kāṣṭhamiva kṣipanti ॥ 14॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
हे राजन्! जब किसी मनुष्य का पुत्र मर जाता है, तो उसके प्रियजन अत्यंत दुःख के साथ उसके शरीर को घर से बाहर ले जाते हैं। खुले बालों के साथ विलाप करते हुए वे उस शरीर को चिता के बीच उसी प्रकार रख देते हैं जैसे कोई लकड़ी रखी जाती है।

English Meaning:
O king, when a person’s son dies, the grieving relatives carry his body out of the house. Weeping bitterly with disheveled hair, they place the body in the midst of the funeral pyre just as a piece of wood is placed there.

anyō dhanaṃ prētagatasya bhuṅktē
vayāṃsi chāgniścha śarīradhātūn ।
dvābhyāmayaṃ saha gachChatyamutra
puṇyēna pāpēna cha vēṣṭyamānaḥ ॥ 15॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
मृत व्यक्ति के धन का उपयोग कोई दूसरा करता है, जबकि पक्षी और अग्नि उसके शरीर को नष्ट कर देते हैं। मनुष्य जब इस संसार से जाता है, तो उसके साथ केवल उसके पुण्य और पाप ही जाते हैं।

English Meaning:
After a person dies, another person enjoys his wealth, while birds and fire consume his body. When a person departs from this world, only his merit and demerit accompany him.

utsṛjya vinivartantē jñātayaḥ suhṛdaḥ sutāḥ ।
agnau prāstaṃ tu puruṣaṃ karmānvēti svayaṃ kṛtam ॥ 16॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
संबंधी, मित्र और पुत्र मृत व्यक्ति को छोड़कर वापस लौट जाते हैं। परंतु अग्नि में समर्पित उस मनुष्य का साथ उसके द्वारा स्वयं किए गए कर्म ही देते हैं।

English Meaning:
Relatives, friends, and sons leave the dead person and return home. But when a person is consigned to the fire, the actions he himself performed are what follow him.

asmāllōkādūrdhvamamuṣya chādhō
mahattamastiṣṭhati hyandhakāram ।
tadvai mahāmōhanamindriyāṇāṃ
budhyasva mā tvāṃ pralabhēta rājan ॥ 17॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
इस लोक के ऊपर और नीचे एक महान अंधकार विद्यमान है। वह इंद्रियों के लिए अत्यंत मोह उत्पन्न करने वाला है। हे राजन्! इसे समझो और सावधान रहो, कहीं यह मोह तुम्हें भ्रमित न कर दे।

English Meaning:
Above and below this world there exists a great darkness. It is deeply deluding to the senses. O king, understand this and remain alert, lest this delusion deceive and overcome you.

idaṃ vachaḥ śakṣyasi chēdyathāvan
niśamya sarvaṃ pratipattumēvam ।
yaśaḥ paraṃ prāpsyasi jīvalōkē
bhayaṃ na chāmutra na chēha tē’sti ॥ 18॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
यदि तुम इन वचनों को ठीक प्रकार से सुनकर समझने और उनके अनुसार आचरण करने में समर्थ हो जाओगे, तो इस संसार में महान यश प्राप्त करोगे और न इस लोक में, न परलोक में तुम्हें भय रहेगा।

English Meaning:
If you are able to hear, understand, and properly follow these teachings, you will attain great fame in this world, and you will have no fear either here or hereafter.

ātmā nadī bhārata puṇyatīrthā
satyōdakā dhṛtikūlā damōrmiḥ ।
tasyāṃ snātaḥ pūyatē puṇyakarmā
puṇyō hyātmā nityamambhō’mbha ēva ॥ 19॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
हे भरतवंशी! आत्मा एक पवित्र नदी के समान है, जिसका जल सत्य है, जिसके तट धैर्य हैं और जिसकी लहरें आत्मसंयम हैं। जो पुण्यात्मा इस नदी में स्नान करता है, वह पवित्र हो जाता है। आत्मा स्वयं नित्य पवित्र है।

English Meaning:
O Bharata, the Self is like a sacred river whose waters are truth, whose banks are patience, and whose waves are self-control. One who bathes in this sacred river through righteous conduct becomes purified. The Self itself is eternally pure.

kāmakrōdhagrāhavatīṃ pañchēndriya jalāṃ nadīm ।
kṛtvā dhṛtimayīṃ nāvaṃ janma durgāṇi santara ॥ 20॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
काम और क्रोध रूपी मगरों वाली तथा पाँच इंद्रियों के जल से भरी इस संसार-नदी को धैर्य की नाव बनाकर पार करो और जन्म-मरण के दुर्गम संकटों से निकल जाओ।

English Meaning:
Cross the river of worldly existence, filled with the waters of the five senses and inhabited by the crocodiles of desire and anger, using the boat of fortitude to pass beyond the difficult trials of birth and death.

prajñā vṛddhaṃ dharmavṛddhaṃ svabandhuṃ
vidyā vṛddhaṃ vayasā chāpi vṛddham ।
kāryākāryē pūjayitvā prasādya
yaḥ sampṛchChēnna sa muhyētkadā chit ॥ 21॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
जो व्यक्ति बुद्धि में श्रेष्ठ, धर्म में श्रेष्ठ, अपने संबंधियों में वरिष्ठ, विद्या में श्रेष्ठ और आयु में वृद्ध लोगों का सम्मान करके, उन्हें प्रसन्न करके अपने कर्तव्य और अकर्तव्य के विषय में परामर्श लेता है, वह कभी भ्रमित नहीं होता।

English Meaning:
One who honors and pleases those who are superior in wisdom, righteousness, learning, family standing, and age, and seeks their counsel regarding what should and should not be done, is never overcome by confusion.

dhṛtyā śiśnōdaraṃ rakṣētpāṇipādaṃ cha chakṣuṣā ।
chakṣuḥ śrōtrē cha manasā manō vāchaṃ cha karmaṇā ॥ 22॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
धैर्य और संयम से काम तथा उदर को नियंत्रित रखना चाहिए; हाथ-पैरों को आँखों की सावधानी से सुरक्षित रखना चाहिए; आँखों और कानों को मन के द्वारा नियंत्रित करना चाहिए और मन तथा वाणी को अपने कर्मों द्वारा संयमित रखना चाहिए।

English Meaning:
With fortitude, one should control sexual desire and the appetite of the belly; the hands and feet should be guided carefully by sight; the eyes and ears should be governed by the mind; and the mind and speech should be disciplined through one’s actions.

nityōdakī nityayajñōpavītī
nityasvādhyāyī patitānna varjī ।
ṛtaṃ bruvanguravē karma kurvan
na brāhmaṇaśchyavatē brahmalōkāt ॥ 23॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
जो ब्राह्मण नियमित रूप से शुद्ध रहता है, यज्ञोपवीत धारण करता है, स्वाध्याय करता है, अनुचित अन्न का त्याग करता है, सत्य बोलता है और गुरु के लिए कर्तव्य करता है, वह ब्रह्मलोक से पतित नहीं होता।

English Meaning:
A Brahmana who remains pure, wears the sacred thread, regularly studies the Vedas, avoids impure or improper food, speaks truth, and performs his duties toward his teacher does not fall from Brahmaloka.

adhītya vēdānparisaṃstīrya chāgnīn
iṣṭvā yajñaiḥ pālayitvā prajāś cha ।
gōbrāhmaṇārthē śastrapūtāntarātmā
hataḥ saṅgrāmē kṣatriyaḥ svargamēti ॥ 24॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
जो क्षत्रिय वेदों का अध्ययन करता है, अग्नियों की विधिपूर्वक स्थापना और सेवा करता है, यज्ञ करता है, अपनी प्रजा की रक्षा करता है और गौ तथा ब्राह्मणों की रक्षा के लिए शुद्ध अंतःकरण से युद्ध में प्राण देता है, वह स्वर्ग को प्राप्त होता है।

English Meaning:
A Kshatriya who studies the Vedas, properly maintains the sacred fires, performs sacrifices, protects his subjects, and, with a pure heart, gives his life in battle for the protection of cows and Brahmanas attains heaven.

vaiśyō’dhītya brāhmaṇānkṣatriyāṃś cha
dhanaiḥ kālē saṃvibhajyāśritāṃś cha ।
trētā pūtaṃ dhūmamāghrāya puṇyaṃ
prētya svargē dēva sukhāni bhuṅktē ॥ 25॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
जो वैश्य ब्राह्मणों और क्षत्रियों का सम्मान करता है, उचित समय पर अपने धन से आश्रितों और योग्य व्यक्तियों की सहायता करता है तथा धार्मिक कर्मों में संलग्न रहता है, वह मृत्यु के बाद पुण्यलोक में जाकर स्वर्गीय सुखों का अनुभव करता है।

English Meaning:
A Vaishya who honors Brahmanas and Kshatriyas, properly distributes his wealth at the appropriate time among dependents and worthy persons, and engages in righteous duties enjoys heavenly happiness after death.

brahmakṣatraṃ vaiśya varṇaṃ cha śūdraḥ
kramēṇaitānnyāyataḥ pūjayānaḥ ।
tuṣṭēṣvētēṣvavyathō dagdhapāpas
tyaktvā dēhaṃ svargasukhāni bhuṅktē ॥ 26॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
जो शूद्र ब्राह्मण, क्षत्रिय और वैश्य—इन तीनों वर्णों का उचित क्रम से सम्मान और सेवा करता है, उनके संतुष्ट रहने पर स्वयं भी प्रसन्न रहता है और अपने पापों का क्षय करता हुआ शरीर छोड़ने के बाद स्वर्गीय सुख प्राप्त करता है।

English Meaning:
A Shudra who respectfully serves and honors the Brahmana, Kshatriya, and Vaishya orders according to their proper place, and remains content when they are pleased, becomes free from sin and enjoys heavenly happiness after leaving the body.

chāturvarṇyasyaiṣa dharmastavōktō
hētuṃ chātra bruvatō mē nibōdha ।
kṣātrāddharmāddhīyatē pāṇḍuputras
taṃ tvaṃ rājanrājadharmē niyuṅkṣva ॥ 27॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
मैंने तुम्हें चारों वर्णों के धर्म का यह स्वरूप बताया है। अब मेरे बताए हुए कारण को समझो—पाण्डु का पुत्र क्षत्रिय धर्म से वंचित हो रहा है। इसलिए हे राजन्! उसे उसके राजधर्म और उचित अधिकार में स्थापित करो।

English Meaning:
I have described to you the duties associated with the four orders. Now understand the reason I speak of them: the son of Pandu is being deprived of his Kshatriya duty and rightful position. Therefore, O king, establish him in his proper royal duty.

dhṛtarāṣṭra uvācha ।
ēvamētadyathā māṃ tvamanuśāsati nityadā ।
mamāpi cha matiḥ saumya bhavatyēvaṃ yathāttha mām ॥ 28॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
धृतराष्ट्र ने कहा—हे सौम्य! जैसा तुम मुझे सदैव उपदेश देते हो, बात वास्तव में वैसी ही है। मेरी बुद्धि भी तुम्हारी कही हुई बात को उचित मानती है।

English Meaning:
Dhritarashtra said: O gentle one, it is indeed as you always instruct me. My own understanding also recognizes the truth of what you say.

sā tu buddiḥ kṛtāpyēvaṃ pāṇḍavānrapti mē sadā ।
duryōdhanaṃ samāsādya punarviparivartatē ॥ 29॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
मेरी बुद्धि इस प्रकार निश्चित हो जाने पर भी, जब मैं दुर्योधन के पास पहुँचता हूँ, तो पाण्डवों के विषय में मेरी वही समझ फिर बदल जाती है और विपरीत हो जाती है।

English Meaning:
Even though my understanding becomes firmly established in this way, whenever I come under Duryodhana’s influence, my judgment concerning the Pandavas changes again and turns in the opposite direction.

na diṣṭamabhyatikrāntuṃ śakyaṃ martyēna kēna chit ।
diṣṭamēva kṛtaṃ manyē pauruṣaṃ tu nirarthakam ॥ 30॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
किसी भी मनुष्य के लिए भाग्य को पार कर जाना संभव नहीं है। मैं मानता हूँ कि जो कुछ होना है, वही होता है और मनुष्य का पुरुषार्थ भी उसके सामने निष्फल हो जाता है।

English Meaning:
No mortal can overcome what destiny has ordained. I believe that what is destined must happen, and human effort becomes powerless before it.

॥ iti śrīmāhābhāratē udyōgaparvaṇi prajāgaraparvaṇi viduravākyē chatvāriṃśō’dhyāyaḥ ॥ 40॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
इस प्रकार श्रीमहाभारत के उद्योगपर्व के प्रजागरपर्व में विदुर-वाक्य का चालीसवाँ अध्याय समाप्त हुआ।

English Meaning:
Thus ends the fortieth chapter of Vidura’s teachings in the Prajagara Parva of the Udyoga Parva of the Śrī Mahābhārata.

iti vidura nīti samāptā ॥

हिंदी अर्थ:
इस प्रकार विदुर नीति समाप्त हुई।

English Meaning:
Thus ends the teachings of Vidura Niti.

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Devotional India is an international devotional website focused on Hindu temples, saints, spiritual teachings, mantras, and scriptures. We aim to make ancient Sanatan wisdom accessible to modern readers through authentic, informative, and spiritually enriching content.

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